Only 3% of the water contained in the planet is sweet and about 1% is destined for human consumption.
It is known that surface waters, that is, springs, lakes, rivers, suffer from anthropic actions, be they with contamination or pollution.
We have to protect it against human actions that in any way harm, damage, pollute or contaminate water resources.
The distribution of water resources on the globe is very uneven.
Among all the countries, Brazil is considered privileged, since it concentrates 16% of the surface fresh water in the world.
The scarcity of water resources on the planet is due not only to maldistribution, but also to increased demand mainly in developed countries and degradation of water quality. Every year, thousands of people die from diseases transmitted by contaminated water, such as cholera, infectious diarrhea, among others.
Brazil is home to the largest river in extension and volume: the Amazon River. This is located in the northern region of the country. In addition, more than 90% of the national territory receives rainfall throughout the year and its geological, climatic and geographic conditions favor the formation and development of a wide network of rivers, except in the semi-arid region, where rivers are temporary.
According to the distribution of water, we can say that the water resources in the country are also unequal, because if we compare the population concentration with the concentration of resources, these locate in very different areas.
In the northern region, where there is the Amazon river and good concentration of water, the population is small and there are large demographic voids.
In contrast, the southeastern region, where there is a great economic development and the greatest population concentration, does not cover a rich potential of water resources.
In the northeastern region, many people suffer from a shortage of water, going long ways to get it and often find it dirty or muddy, unfit for consumption. Still due to this fact, unfortunately many people end up dying.